Prediabetes: Everything you should know

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Prediabetes is the term for the early stages of the disease marker of type 2 diabetes when blood sugar levels began to exceed the reasonable limits, but not too high to be categorized as type 2 diabetes include prediabetes condition of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Blood Sugar.

People with pre-diabetes have a greater risk of developing diabetes type 2, but this term can also be used as a reminder or a turning point to make changes in lifestyle to the better immediately. Treating prediabetes can help people reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other diseases, such as heart disease, blood vessels, kidneys, nerves, and eyes.

The cause of prediabetes

The exact cause of prediabetes is unknown. However, genetic factors and family history play a significant role against the prediabetes.

Prediabetes associated with the body's ability to process glucose in the body. Glucose that enters the body through food, mainly carbohydrates, transformed into a source of energy for the cells of the body with the help of the hormone insulin. Insulin helps maintain a healthy amount of sugar to be fixed so that no buildup of sugar in the bloodstream.

Prediabetes occurs when the processing of glucose is not going well, such as when the pancreas does not secrete sufficient amounts of the hormone insulin or the insulin resistance.

The symptoms of prediabetes

Some common symptoms of type 2 diabetes prediabetes can also be a cause for concern, such as 3P or polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (frequent thirst), and polyphagia (often eat). Fatigue and the view become opaque can also complain. The symptoms of pre-diabetes also can not look at the patient, or vice versa can be dark colored areas of the skin on the knuckles, elbows, armpits, neck, or knee.

Some physical criteria are necessary because the risk of causing the prediabetic condition in a person. Make checks blood glucose if you have certain risk factors, like high blood pressure, a history of type 2 diabetes in the family, being overweight, sedentary, and aged over 45 years. Women who experience gestational diabetes or having a baby that weighs in at over 4.1 kilograms also deserves examination to determine the blood sugar levels of risk that can be experienced. Some other conditions, such as waist size, sleep habits, polycystic ovary syndrome, levels of HDL cholesterol or triglycerides, as well as the certain ethnic majority also have a risk of developing prediabetes.

In conditions of high blood pressure which occurs together with obesity, high blood sugar, and blood fat and cholesterol levels are abnormal, the risk of insulin resistance may occur in infected. Conditions that occur together is also known as metabolic syndrome conditions.

The diagnosis of prediabetes

Apart from the complaints of the patient, the doctor will usually suggest checking blood sugar levels. Type test blood sugar levels can be recommended by a medical practitioner according to the patient's needs and health conditions. Such tests may include:

Random blood sugar test. This test is performed without fasting or without the administration of glucose to a patient.
Fasting blood sugar test. This test is performed after the patient has fasted for at least 8 hours or overnight. Restrictions which indicates prediabetes is between 100-125 mg / dL or 5.6 to 6.9 mmol / L.
OGTT or Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. This test is done by taking a patient's blood sample after fasting for eight hours or overnight full. Patients were then asked to eat a sugar solution before the blood sample is taken back two hours later. Blood sugar levels can be considered normal if the blood test results of less than 140 mg / dL or 7.8 mmol / L. While the restrictions that indicate prediabetes is a blood sugar level is between 140-199 mg / dL or 7.8 to 11 mmol / L.

In addition to scanning glucose, your doctor may also advise you to do some tests in order to obtain a diagnosis, one of which is glycated hemoglobin or A1C test. This blood test measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to the oxygen-carrying protein, hemoglobin, until the last three months. A1C test results in the range of 5.7 to 6.4 percent figure indicates that a person was suffering from prediabetes. However, these tests can not be performed on women who are pregnant or people who have an abnormality in hemoglobin levels.

Prevention prediabetes

A healthy lifestyle is one way to keep sugar levels remain normal and keep prediabetes from your life. Start healthy eating habits by choosing to use food that is low in calories and high in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains can be a good first step.

Try to do the moderate-intensity physical activity at least five days a week; each session is done for 30-60 minutes. Begin by increasing walking, swimming or cycling. You should also add strength training, such as weight training, twice a week.

In addition to making the body becomes more active, physical activity can also help reduce weight if you are overweight.

These lifestyle changes are not only distancing and prevent prediabetes, but can avoid the development of type 2 diabetes, and even useful also for those who have a family history of the disease.

Some medications may also be recommended by doctors to help patients at high risk for diabetes. Although not completely prevent prediabetes or diabetes, diabetes medicines should be taken as prescribed by your doctor. Drugs guard high blood pressure, and cholesterol should also be used according to need. Alternative therapies, such as dietary supplements or therapeutic use of certain substances (chromium, magnesium, ginseng, etc.) should be done only after consultation with your doctor.

Make healthy lifestyle habits that have been built as a reminder to yourself to danger prediabetes and diabetes, and to prevent severe complications that can be caused by this disease.

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Prediabetes: Everything you should know